Material Comparison

Polyimide vs Polyester: Which Flex PCB Material Is Right for You?

Understanding the differences between PI and PET substrates is crucial for flex PCB success. Learn when to use each material and their trade-offs.

Quick Material Guide

Polyimide (PI/Kapton) is the premium choice for 80% of flex PCBs, offering superior thermal resistance, mechanical strength, and solderability. Polyester (PET/Mylar) is a cost-effective alternative for static, low-temperature applications. Choose polyimide for anything involving soldering, heat, or repeated flexing; choose polyester for simple, low-cost static flex circuits.

Recommended Material

Polyimide for Most Applications

Property Comparison

Property
Polyimide (PI)
Polyester (PET)
Max Operating Temp
400°C
80°C
Soldering Compatible
Relative Cost
4x rigid PCB
1.5x rigid PCB
Market Share
~80%
~20%
Mechanical Strength
Excellent
Good
Flex Life (cycles)
Millions
Thousands
Chemical Resistance
Excellent
Good
Moisture Absorption
Higher
Lower
Min Thickness
12.5μm
25μm
Dielectric Constant
3.4-3.5
~3.2
Transparency
Amber/opaque
Clear available
UV Stability
Moderate
Good

When to Use Polyimide (PI/Kapton)

Polyimide is the standard material for professional flex PCBs. Its exceptional thermal stability makes it compatible with all soldering processes, and its mechanical properties support dynamic flexing applications.

  • Any application requiring soldering (SMT or through-hole)
  • Dynamic flex applications with repeated bending
  • High-temperature environments (automotive, aerospace)
  • Medical devices requiring sterilization
  • Consumer electronics (smartphones, wearables)
  • Industrial control systems
  • Multilayer flex circuits

When to Use Polyester (PET/Mylar)

Polyester is appropriate for cost-sensitive, static applications where soldering isn't required. It's commonly used with conductive inks and pressure-fit connections.

  • Membrane switches and keypads
  • Low-cost sensor circuits
  • RFID antennas and NFC tags
  • Disposable medical sensors
  • Calculator keyboards
  • Static display connections
  • Applications under 80°C operating temp

Thermal Performance Deep Dive

The most critical difference is thermal resistance. Polyimide maintains stability up to 400°C, while polyester deforms above 80°C. This affects manufacturing options and application suitability.

  • PI: Withstands reflow soldering (260°C peak)
  • PI: Stable from -269°C to 400°C (Kapton spec)
  • PET: Loses strength above 80°C
  • PET: Cannot survive standard soldering processes
  • PET: Requires conductive adhesives or press-fit
  • PI: Suitable for hot-bar soldering and ACF bonding

Flex Life & Durability

For applications involving repeated movement, polyimide significantly outperforms polyester. PI can achieve millions of flex cycles, while PET is limited to thousands before cracking.

  • PI: 100,000+ flex cycles typical
  • PI: Can achieve millions with proper design
  • PET: Risk of cracking under repeated flexing
  • PET: Best for install-and-forget applications
  • PI: Superior tear and puncture resistance
  • PI: Better performance in harsh environments

Expert Material Selection Support

Material Consultation

Our engineers help you select the optimal material based on your application requirements.

Multiple PI Options

We offer standard, high-Tg, and specialty polyimide materials for demanding applications.

Cost Optimization

We'll recommend PET where appropriate to reduce costs without compromising performance.

Testing Support

Thermal cycling, flex testing, and reliability validation services available.

Design Guidelines

Material-specific design rules to maximize performance and manufacturability.

Quality Assurance

Incoming material inspection and certification documentation provided.

Frequently Asked Questions

Can polyester flex PCBs be soldered?

No, standard soldering processes exceed PET's thermal limits. PET circuits use conductive adhesives, silver ink printing, or mechanical connections like ZIF connectors.

Why is polyimide more expensive?

Polyimide is a high-performance engineering polymer requiring specialized manufacturing. Its superior properties (thermal stability, mechanical strength, chemical resistance) justify the premium for demanding applications.

What's the difference between Kapton and polyimide?

Kapton is DuPont's brand name for polyimide film. Other manufacturers produce equivalent polyimide materials under different names. The properties are similar across suppliers.

Can I use polyester for automotive applications?

Generally no. Automotive environments often exceed 80°C, and automotive quality standards typically require polyimide. PET might work for some cabin applications with temperature control.

Is polyester suitable for multilayer flex?

Rarely. Multilayer flex typically requires lamination processes with heat, which is incompatible with PET. Polyimide is the standard choice for multilayer flexible circuits.

Need Help Selecting the Right Material?

Our flex PCB engineers can analyze your requirements and recommend the optimal material for performance and cost. Get expert guidance today.